Choose something you would normally wear
A simple everyday top is a practical starting point. The purpose of the photograph is to show you clearly, so there is little benefit in choosing clothing that competes for attention. A visible neckline and a color that separates your shoulders from the required background make the small finished image easier to read.
For US passports, uniforms, uniform-like clothing and camouflage are not permitted. That is an application rule rather than a general dress code for every ID photo. If a professional license or workplace badge gives specific clothing instructions, use those instructions for that photograph.
White clothing can disappear into a pale background
A white shirt is not automatically a problem for every document, but the shoulder outline may become hard to see against a white wall. Take a trial frame before making a decision. If the shirt and background merge, changing into a medium or darker color is a simple way to improve separation.
Avoid darkening your skin or making the background gray in an editor to rescue the contrast. Change the clothing or the lighting while you are taking the photo. A plain navy, charcoal or muted colored top can work well without becoming the main feature of the portrait.
Check the neckline in the actual crop
A wide neckline or strapless garment can sit below the lower edge of a head-and-shoulders crop. The result may look different from what you saw in the mirror. You do not need to guess. Take one frame with a little extra space around your shoulders, then view the likely finished framing.
Straighten a twisted collar before continuing. Move a scarf only if it is comfortable and appropriate to do so, and check whether it creates a shadow under the chin. Clothing cannot compensate for a raised chin or a camera aimed down from above, so make those adjustments separately.
Do a quick check before the full session
Use the first photo to look at three things together. Look at the face, the shoulder outline and any bright reflections from fasteners or accessories. If all three read clearly, keep the outfit and concentrate on expression and focus. There is no need to change clothes repeatedly in search of an official passport-photo color.
For several applications, save the original and prepare each required format from it only where the rules allow. A suitable outfit does not make one finished photo interchangeable between a passport, a visa and a state license. Their sizes and submission routes may still differ.
Sources and further reading
US Department of State · Passport photo requirements ↗Requirements can change. Check the official instructions for your application before submitting.
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